Permaculture New Zealand

What does it take to take care of ourselves?

Sustainability is a real buzz-word, used to the point of exhaustion. But truthfully a lot of what we hear about sustainability is just a ploy to sell us something, some new product that is “green” or “eco”.


So what is sustainability? From Wikipedia: “Sustainability is the capacity to endure. In ecology, the word describes how biological systems remain diverse and productive over time.”

So in a sense, only Nature is truly sustainable.

So how do we create systems that remain diverse and productive over time? By mimicking Nature.


However, it seems like the world is going the opposite way, with WalMart selling the same products the world over, and Monsanto creating foods that are not only foreign in nature, but are genetically identical and proprietary. On top of that, they are planting these experimental crops in pristine and sensitive places, like Hawaii, polluting local seed-stock forever.

And now the US Organic Elite has surrendered to agricultural giant Monsanto and their Frankenfoods. In a statement released recently, Organic Valley, Stonyfield Farms, and Whole Foods said that we must accept GMO’s (genetically modified organisms), and work with them.

What? Did I really read that?

Turns out over 2/3rds of Whole Foods’ products contain GMO’s, unlabelled.

This is not healthy food. Boycott these companies.


Perhaps 10% of the world feeds itself. The rest of us rely primarily on centralized distribution from industrial farms (organic included). And the same goes for our water and energy supplies. This is a sticky situation.


On the contrary, Kiwis are historically self-reliant, in particular with respect to feeding themselves. New Zealand is particularly suited to growing a wide variety of crops, thanks to a mild climate, good soils, and abundant water. The Maori were (and still are) incredible farmers, growing produce for the new colonies in the South Pacific.

We felt like we were on the set of Lord of the Rings...

We had a chance to visit some amazing places and farms that are re-creating local economy and regional resilience.


Lothlorien Winery was the first Certified Organic orchard in New Zealand, back in the ‘70s. Started by Dale Demulemeester and friends, they decided to plant peaches and feijoas (pineapple guavas). The peaches sold great, but soon went out of production. The feijoas continued to thrive, so they planted more.

No roads to the house is quite refreshingThe "fridge"Jo grows bananas, in NZ!

Dale and a little milk for your coffee, straight from the udder

Now many hundreds of seedling trees are gracing the gently slopes of the Puhoi Valley. These trees are all genetically different from each other, and this imparts disease resistance to the farm and also a fine flavor to their wine. That’s right, organic sparkling feijoa wine.

Unfortunately you will have to travel to NZ to sample- no exports :(

While alcohol may be a luxury, lets be frank, it can be medicinal. One sip of this amazing concoction puts an ear-to-ear grin on your face. Best of all, its organic, truthfully.

Eli Demulemeester and a crate of liquid gold

Wine is not the only crop at Lothlorien. They have many citrus, pecan, macadamia, banana, avocado, a dairy cow, chickens, and vegetable gardens tended by Dale’s wife Jo. They also planted pines and eucalyptus on barren slopes 30 years ago, and now they are being harvested by the next generation to build their homes.

Eucalyptus flooring grown on site

What is behind the doors we left for the next generation?

Three generations of the Lothlorien clan live and work on the farm, tending trees and making wine. Eli and his brother and sister along with their families are taking the reigns of the farm from Dale.

Koko, Kim, Eli, and Tally Demulemeester

We then made our way south to Whaingaroa, the harbor more known for its surf spot than sustainability movement. Turns out its quite a little pocket of regional resilience.


Local crew are stepping up, with city parks turning into food forests, and organic farms popping up all over the region. They are also looking into microfinance and waste issues.

A young food forest in a local city park

Xtreme Waste was conceived by Liz and Rick Thorpe, the goal to reduce the local waste stream to zero. This is a feat in itself, deserving a separate blog entirely. As if this wasn’t enough to keep them busy, they also double as small-scale permaculture farmers.


Mixed fruit orchards surround a beautifully hand made house, ducks grazing beneath to keep the growth at bay and provide eggs. They plant vegetable crops like garlic, which we helped to separate for planting in a family style community atmosphere. They open the farm up every Tuesday to anyone who wants to come out and help.


Community is the cornerstone to local resilience, and this is also demonstrated in a big way at Kaiwhenua Gardens, run by Lynne and Kaiwaka Riti. Kaiwhenua translates directly to “Land of Food”, and Kaiwaka is the “Canoe of Food”, feeding the local whanau, family.

Kaiwaka Riti, tupuna of organics

Kai Whenua Gardens- Land of Food

Kaiwaka has started a revolution in the local area, by empowering young Maori who have lost their culture to the culture of the street and gangs to get back on the land and cultivate it. It is an amazing thing to see his passion and inspiration for his culture or whakapapa.

We arrived at Kaiwhenua the same time as local school kids came to get their hands dirty. We weeded around, and sampled delicious young carrots.

Possibly more eating than weeding took place...

We got a tour and met the kunekune pigs, who were happily weeding out kikuyu grass from under some trees. Kunekune are traditional Maori pigs, and are the only breed that can live off of grass exclusively.

Possibly the ugliest, and cutest animal at the same time

Kaiwhenua is also part of a new certification structure based on traditional Maori values. Hua Parakore, Pure Produce is a movement to take back the organic food standards from corporate interests.

Keepin' it Clean and Green in NZ!

Just down the road at the base of the point is another example of a community in action, this time an eco-retreat turned Permaculture Demonstration Site called SolScape.

Phil McCabe of SolScape holds up on of his experimental Earth Bricks

SolScape has been run by Phil and Bernadette McCabe for the last ten years as a backpackers with an eco twist, and now they are ready to take it to the next level. A collaboration with Otago University created the Practical Sustainable Living curriculum to be taught on site overlooking the majestic Tasman Sea.

Cool Caboose room

The property is 10 acres of mixed native bush and accommodation, with more and more vegetable gardens replacing the grass, and chickens running free. Recycled cabooses make cool rooms, and communal kitchens have earthen ovens built during Permaculture Design Courses.


We had a chance to join Phil for a tour with a group of American high school students with Global Adventures. We saw the eco-batch made from local and recycled materials, the earth bag domes, and the tipi site with solar hot water and composting toilets.


SWoBs is in discussion with SolScape about hosting Permaculture Surf Retreats on site. Participants will surf in the morning and learn in the afternoon, and a project will be created in the local community to help with local resilience. Stay tuned for more!

We got our hands dirty while in Waikato

We also wanted to mention our new friends with NZ Surf Tours, Judd and Ramona. We had the fortune of meeting them at Ahipara as hosts at the Endless Summer Lodge. Look them up and you are guaranteed to have a great adventure in Northland!

That's all for now, thanks for reading!

Plastic to Oil!

For the past several years, Surfers Without Borders have been researching various methods of producing energy from waste. While there are many clean ways to get electricity from biomass or organic matter, we were particularly looking for ways to create an incentive for people to clean up the ocean, mainly the plastic that has gathered itself and our attention in the Northern Pacific Gyre.

The Northern Pacific Subtropical Convergence Zone
aka the Pacific Garbage Patch

There are more convergence zones than the Pacific Garbage Patch, and a total of 5 major gyres. We now know with reasonable certainty that plastic is indeed accumulating in all of these areas of the ocean.

"Geez, Professor, thatsalotta plastic... Could it be worth something?"
After all, its made from oil- isn't it?

After many sessions surfing the internet, we came across a pretty promising process and series of machines designed by the Blest Corporation of Japan. After contacting them we were put in touch with their US representatives, E-N-ergy Inc.

Jason Tanne, Harry, and Rod Sato of E-N-ergy

This last week, E-N-ergy visited Surfers Without Borders at the Orella Stewardship Institute to demonstrate the innovation that turns common household plastics into usable oil (click here to watch the video of the demonstration- 3 parts). The machines range from a small desktop units to large continuous processing machines and refiners that can handle up to multiple tons of plastic waste.

Over 50 people came out to view the Plastic to Oil demo
hosted by Orella Stewardship Institute

The Blest Be-h desktop unit was on hand converting plastic grocery bags, milk and water jugs, margarine and yogurt containers into oil that can run generators and other engines. The desktop unit is ideal for classrooms, small offices or home use. (click here to watch a video of the process)

Cutting up an old tupperware for processing

Plastics of type #2, #4, #5, #6 and some #7 are usable, including bags, wrappers, and other thin film plastics that are not recyclable (which are also the most damaging to the environment).

The plastics are put into the melting chamber where they are heated to around 420 deg C, at which point the plastic boils and the hot gasses are run through a water bath to be condensed into oil.

The machine in action- the cylinder on the right contains the gas from plastic that has

heated and is being condensed through normal tap water

Touchscreen makes for easy operation

The desktop unit uses 1 kilowatt of electricity to convert 1 kilogram of plastic into 1 liter of oil, at a cost of around US $0.25. The oil can then be further refined back through the same machine into gasoline, kerosene, and diesel. A small amount of ash is left over, and the off-gasses are turned into CO2 and water with a catalytic converter, or can be used to run a generator.

The process is called pyrolysis- and is a tried and true method for converting almost any type of material into energy. Material is super heated in the absence of oxygen- so does not combust, but vaporizes into gas. Since there is no combustion, the process is relatively clean.

Mark Morey and Glenn of SB Surfrider talk with Harry of E-N-ergy

Joining us for the demo were representatives of various interest groups in Santa Barbara, including the City and County solid waste managers. SWoBs is trying to bring together all of the players in our area who have the influence to bring this technology to our area.

Rod Sato of E-N-ergy in blue on left talks with (l to r) Carlyle Johnston and Mark Tautrim of SB County Public Works Waste Management Division, and Eric Lohela, Environmental Specialist with the City of SB Recycling and Trash Division. In the background are Russ Teall of BioDiesel Industries and Micheal Chiacos of the Community Environmental Council.

Santa Barbara County just recently put out a bid for waste conversion technologies, as our landfill is over 50% capacity and we need to start looking at alternatives to dumping our trash into a hole in the ground. This process seemed promising, with a City employee stating he was "Cautiously optimistic."

The Blester Be-h desktop unit

The oil is visible as the upper dark layer of liquid in the cylinder on the right

While this technology is not a silver bullet for the issue of marine debris, it is a start. The real value of this process is to demonstrate that plastic is a resource, even that which cannot be recycled, like all those silly bags of corn chips and candy bars.

Furthermore- we are not implying that we should continue to use more and more plastic because we can convert it to fuel. This technology offers one solution for plastic that is already in circulation, particularly that which is circulating the globe in the ocean. We must also continue to look at replacing plastics with other biodegradable or benign materials, like wax paper.

If we as humans can shift our perception of “waste”, we can create jobs that clean up the planet. If we consider our trash as treasure, people will think twice about throwing things “away”, wherever that is.

Read more about Blest machines and the process at E-N-ergy's blog:

http://www.e-n-ergy.blogspot.com/